Metal Detector PCBA

The metal detector PCBA is the core circuit board component of the metal detector, which is mainly responsible for controlling the detection process, processing signals, and interacting with external devices. The following is its introduction:

Hardware composition

• Main control chip: Usually a dedicated microcontroller (MCU), it is the core of the PCBA, coordinating the work of various modules, executing detection algorithms, processing signals from sensors, determining whether there are metal objects, and controlling subsequent actions such as alarms.

• Detection coil and drive circuit: The detection coil is a key component for generating an alternating magnetic field and detecting changes in the magnetic field caused by metal objects. The drive circuit provides a stable alternating current to the detection coil, causing the coil to generate a magnetic field, while receiving the induction signal generated by the coil due to the proximity of the metal object, and transmitting it to the main control chip for processing.

• Signal processing circuit: Amplify, filter, and shape the weak signal from the detection coil to improve the quality and stability of the signal, so that the main control chip can accurately identify and analyze the signal, remove interference factors such as environmental noise, and enhance the accuracy and sensitivity of metal detection.

• Alarm circuit: When the main control chip determines that a metal object is detected, it will trigger the alarm circuit to work. The alarm circuit usually includes a buzzer, indicator light, etc., which alerts the user in the form of sound and light to indicate that metal has been detected.

• Power supply circuit: Provides a stable power supply for the entire PCBA, usually using a battery or an external power adapter. The power supply circuit also includes functional modules such as voltage stabilization and filtering to ensure that each chip and circuit works under a stable voltage and prevent power fluctuations from affecting the detection performance.

• Communication interface circuit: Some metal detector PCBAs have communication interfaces, such as USB, Bluetooth, RS232, etc., which are used for data transmission and interaction with external devices, so that users can upload detection data to a computer for analysis, or set and monitor the metal detector through a mobile phone application.

Working principle

The operation of the metal detector PCBA is based on the principle of electromagnetic induction. The detection coil generates an alternating magnetic field under the action of the drive circuit. When a metal object enters the magnetic field, an induced current is generated in the metal object, and then a secondary magnetic field is generated. This secondary magnetic field affects the magnetic field of the original detection coil, causing the detection coil to generate an induction signal. After the signal processing circuit processes the induction signal, it is transmitted to the main control chip. The main control chip analyzes and judges the signal through a preset algorithm. If it is determined that there is metal, the alarm circuit is triggered to sound an alarm.

Features

• High sensitivity: It can detect tiny metal objects and meet the detection needs in different scenarios.

• Adjustability: Users can adjust the detection sensitivity, working frequency, alarm threshold and other parameters through the potentiometer or software settings on the PCBA to adapt to different detection environments and types of metal objects.

• Good stability: It has good anti-interference ability and can work stably in complex electromagnetic environments to reduce false alarms and missed alarms.

• Multiple alarm methods: In addition to the common sound and light alarms, some PCBAs also support vibration alarms or send alarm information to external devices through communication interfaces, which is convenient for users to obtain detection results in time in different scenarios.

Application fields

Metal detector PCBAs are widely used in security inspections, industrial inspections, underground detection and other fields. In public places such as airports and stations, it is used for security checks on people and luggage; in production industries such as food and medicine, it is used to detect metal impurities in products; in underground detection, it can be used to find metal cultural relics, treasures or metal pipes buried underground.